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Document and Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - shares	Jun. 30, 2020	Aug. 04, 2020
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2020
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $.01 Par Value
Trading Symbol	FORR
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Registrant Name	FORRESTER RESEARCH, INC.
Entity Central Index Key	0001023313
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		18,893,000
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity File Number	000-21433
Entity Tax Identification Number	04-2797789
Entity Address, Address Line One	60 Acorn Park Drive
Entity Address, City or Town	Cambridge
Entity Address, State or Province	MA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	02140
City Area Code	617
Local Phone Number	613-6000

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 68,377	$ 67,904
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for expected credit losses of $931 and $628 as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively	54,108	84,605
Deferred commissions	15,029	20,326
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	21,417	19,201
Total current assets	158,931	192,036
Property and equipment, net	29,019	29,937
Operating lease right-of-use assets	63,837	69,100
Goodwill	243,201	243,895
Intangible assets, net	87,994	97,363
Other assets	5,577	6,829
Total assets	588,559	639,160
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	1,201	505
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	44,272	79,857
Current portion of long-term debt	10,938	9,375
Deferred revenue	170,777	179,194
Total current liabilities	227,188	268,931
Long-term debt, net of deferred financing fees	101,235	121,170
Non-current operating lease liabilities	63,490	67,062
Other non-current liabilities	23,237	23,909
Total liabilities	415,150	481,072
Stockholders' Equity (Note 12):
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value Authorized - 500 shares; issued and outstanding - none
Common stock, $0.01 par value Authorized - 125,000 shares Issued - 23,401 and 23,275 shares as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively Outstanding - 18,770 and 18,644 shares as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively	234	233
Additional paid-in capital	222,778	216,454
Retained earnings	129,314	118,147
Treasury stock - 4,631 shares as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019	(171,889)	(171,889)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(7,028)	(4,857)
Total stockholders’ equity	173,409	158,088
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 588,559	$ 639,160

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Statement Of Financial Position [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, allowance for expected credit losses	$ 931	$ 628
Preferred stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized	500,000	500,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	125,000,000	125,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	23,401,000	23,275,000
Common stock, shares outstanding	18,770,000	18,644,000
Treasury stock, shares	4,631,000	4,631,000

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Revenues:
Total revenues	$ 113,541	$ 128,183	$ 219,886	$ 228,832
Operating expenses:
Selling and marketing	39,117	44,017	79,390	86,050
General and administrative	11,456	13,221	23,461	26,411
Depreciation	2,448	2,166	4,854	4,189
Amortization of intangible assets	4,713	5,099	9,425	11,309
Acquisition and integration costs	612	2,487	3,487	5,454
Total operating expenses	102,310	123,561	207,934	235,094
Income (loss) from operations	11,231	4,622	11,952	(6,262)
Interest expense	(1,307)	(2,085)	(2,845)	(4,437)
Other income (expense), net	(201)	(86)	109	(356)
Gain (loss) on investments, net	2,352	(8)	2,365	(44)
Income (loss) before income taxes	12,075	2,443	11,581	(11,099)
Income tax expense	238	888	257	662
Net income (loss)	$ 11,837	$ 1,555	$ 11,324	$ (11,761)
Basic income (loss) per common share	$ 0.63	$ 0.08	$ 0.60	$ (0.64)
Diluted income (loss) per common share	$ 0.63	$ 0.08	$ 0.60	$ (0.64)
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	18,759	18,435	18,732	18,399
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	18,831	18,780	18,828	18,399
Research [Member]
Revenues:
Total revenues	$ 73,621	$ 76,279	$ 146,417	$ 144,888
Consulting [Member]
Revenues:
Total revenues	34,888	34,017	68,347	65,803
Events [Member]
Revenues:
Total revenues	5,032	17,887	5,122	18,141
Cost of Services and Fulfillment [Member]
Operating expenses:
Cost of services and fulfillment	$ 43,964	$ 56,571	$ 87,317	$ 101,681

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Statement Of Income And Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income (loss)	$ 11,837	$ 1,555	$ 11,324	$ (11,761)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:
Foreign currency translation	885	594	(1,035)	164
Net change in fair value of interest rate swap	45		(1,136)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	930	594	(2,171)	164
Comprehensive income (loss)	$ 12,767	$ 2,149	$ 9,153	$ (11,597)

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References + Details

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$ 11,324	$ (11,761)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation	4,854	4,189
Impairment of property and equipment	626
Amortization of intangible assets	9,425	11,309
Net (gains) losses from investments	(2,365)	44
Deferred income taxes	(1,737)	(10,814)
Stock-based compensation	5,266	5,533
Operating lease right-of-use asset amortization and impairments	7,417	6,415
Amortization of deferred financing fees	490	474
Foreign currency (gains) losses	(2)	498
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable	29,955	22,476
Deferred commissions	5,295	840
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	404	(1,451)
Accounts payable	704	3,170
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(33,548)	(9,976)
Deferred revenue	(6,902)	18,799
Operating lease liabilities	(6,204)	(6,216)
Net cash provided by operating activities	25,002	33,529
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired		(238,943)
Purchases of property and equipment	(5,110)	(4,666)
Other investing activity		30
Net cash used in investing activities	(5,110)	(243,579)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from borrowings, net of costs		171,275
Payments on borrowings	(18,688)	(33,125)
Payment of debt issuance costs		(857)
Deferred acquisition payments		(766)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under employee equity incentive plans	2,010	4,280
Taxes paid related to net share settlements of stock-based compensation awards	(951)	(130)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(17,629)	140,677
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(2,254)	189
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	9	(69,184)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	69,192	140,296
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	69,201	71,112
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	2,368	3,791
Cash (received) paid for income taxes	$ (273)	$ 2,540

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Parenthetical) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Statement Of Cash Flows [Abstract]
Non-cash financing activities, debt issuance costs	$ 3.7

Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 — Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for reporting on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures required for complete financial statements are not included herein. The year-end balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. It is recommended that these financial statements be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear in the Forrester Research, Inc. (“Forrester”) Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair statement of the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows as of the dates and for the periods presented have been included. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 may not be indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2020, or any other period.

Due to the Company’s operating segment realignment during the three months ended June 30, 2020, the revenue line items in the Consolidated Statements of Operations were updated to present Events revenues as a separate financial statement line. In the prior presentation, Events revenues were combined within the “Advisory services and events revenues” financial statement line. Prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on the amount of total revenues previously reported.

Liquidity and Impact of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the Company beginning in March 2020 primarily through lower contract bookings and a reduction in revenues from the conversion of the Company’s events from in-person to virtual events. The Company also announced that its events in the second half of 2020 will be held as virtual events. While the duration and severity of this pandemic is uncertain, the Company currently expects a reduction in its subscription Research, Connect and Analytics revenues during the second half of 2020 due to reduced customer contract booking activity that began in March 2020, and which is expected to continue through at least the third quarter of 2020. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic ultimately impacts the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and liquidity may differ from the Company’s current estimates due to inherent uncertainties regarding the duration and further spread of the outbreak, its severity, actions taken to contain the virus or treat its impact, and how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume.

The Company has implemented several cost-reduction measures that include reductions to travel, new hiring, and employee incentive compensation programs. The Company will continue to proactively respond to the situation and may take further actions that alter the Company’s business operations as may be required by governmental authorities, or that the Company determines are in the best interests of its employees and customers.

As of June 30, 2020, the Company is in compliance with its financial covenants under its Credit Agreement (refer to Note 4 – Debt). The Company currently forecasts that it will be in compliance with its financial covenants for at least one year from the issuance of these interim financial statements, after taking into consideration the measures noted above. If the impact of COVID-19 is more severe than currently forecasted this may impact the Company’s ability to comply with its financial covenants which could have a material adverse effect on the Company.

The Company assessed certain accounting estimates that generally require consideration of forecasted financial information in context with the information reasonably available to it and the unknown future impacts COVID-19 as of June 30, 2020 and through the date of this report. The accounting matters assessed included, but were not limited to, the allowance for expected credit losses, the carrying value of its goodwill and other long-lived assets, valuation allowances for tax assets, and revenue recognition. While there was not a material impact to the consolidated financial statements resulting from the Company’s assessments as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company’s future assessment of its current expectations of the magnitude and duration of COVID-19, as well as other factors, could result in material impacts to its consolidated financial statements in future reporting periods.

Presentation of Restricted Cash

The following table summarizes the end-of-period cash and cash equivalents from the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets and the total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as presented in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands).

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019
Cash and cash equivalents	$	68,377	$	69,762
Restricted cash classified in (1):
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		787		203
Other assets		37		1,147
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in statement of cash flows	$	69,201	$	71,112

(1)	Restricted cash consists primarily of collateral required for letters of credit. The short-term or long-term classification is determined in accordance with the expiration of the underlying lease as the letters of credit are non-cancellable while the leases are in effect.

Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“Topic 326”). The standard amends the existing financial instrument incurred loss impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses and to consider a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables. On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted the standard using the modified retrospective method in which prior periods are not adjusted and recorded a cumulative effect adjustment of $0.2 million to decrease retained earnings. Expected losses are based, in part, on the Company’s historical loss rate experience as well as management’s expectations of future losses as informed by current economic conditions.

The allowance for expected credit losses on accounts receivable for the six months ended June 30, 2020 is summarized as follows (in thousands):

	Total Allowance
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	628
Cumulative effect adjustment of adopting Topic 326		218
Provision for expected credit losses		550
Net write-offs		(456	)
Translation adjustments		(9	)
Balance at June 30, 2020	$	931

The Company adopted the guidance in ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment on January 1, 2020. The new standard simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test and requires that instead, an entity should perform its goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. The adoption of this standard did not impact the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

The Company adopted the guidance in ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement on January 1, 2020. The new standard modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, including changes to fair value transfers and Level 3 fair value measurements. Changes required upon adoption of this standard are included in Note 8 – Fair Value Measurements and did not impact the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

The Company adopted the guidance in ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract on January 1, 2020. The new standard aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes – Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The new standard provides guidance to simplify the accounting for income taxes in certain areas, changes the accounting for select income tax transactions, and makes other minor improvements. The new standard will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact that this standard may have on its financial position and results of operations.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) – Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Finance Reporting. The new standard provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for, or recognizing the effects of, reference rate reform on financial reporting due to the risk of cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”). The updates apply to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR, or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform, and as a result require a modification. An entity may elect to apply the amendments immediately or at any point through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact that this standard may have on its financial position and results of operations, including the standard’s potential impact on any contractual changes in the future that may result from reference rate reform.

Acquisitions

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Acquisitions

Note 2 — Acquisitions

Forrester accounts for business combinations in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting as prescribed by Accounts Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations (“Topic 805”). The acquisition method of accounting requires the Company to record the assets and liabilities acquired based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date, with any excess of the consideration transferred over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, to be recorded to goodwill. The Company did not have any business combinations during the six months ended June 30, 2020.

SiriusDecisions, Inc.

On January 3, 2019, Forrester acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of SiriusDecisions, Inc. (“SiriusDecisions”), a privately-held company based in Wilton, Connecticut with approximately 350 employees globally. SiriusDecisions equips business-to-business (B2B) sales, marketing, and product leaders with the actionable research, frameworks, tools, operational benchmarks and expert advice they need to maximize performance and drive alignment. The acquisition creates several opportunities for the Company, including cross-selling services to the Company’s respective client bases, extending SiriusDecisions’ platform, methodologies, data, and best-practices tools into new roles, and accelerating international and industry growth. The acquisition of SiriusDecisions was determined to be an acquisition of a business under the provisions of Topic 805.

Pursuant to the terms of the merger agreement, the Company paid $246.8 million at closing after certain transaction expense adjustments, which was subject to a working capital adjustment.

SiriusDecisions’ operating results are reported within the Company’s Research, Consulting and Events segments. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company finalized the purchase price allocation and related accounting for the acquisition.

The Company recognized $1.7 million of acquisition costs in the six months ended June 30, 2019 related to the SiriusDecisions acquisition. The costs primarily consisted of investment banker fees and other professional services costs and are included in acquisition and integration costs within the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Note 3 — Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill

The change in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2020 is summarized as follows (in thousands):

	Total
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	243,895
Translation adjustments		(694	)
Balance at June 30, 2020	$	243,201

The Company assesses goodwill for impairment annually on November 30, or on an interim basis if an event indicates a specific impairment may exist. As a result of the Company’s segment realignment during the three months ended June 30, 2020 (refer to Note 14 – Operating Segments for additional information), the Company performed a qualitative assessment of goodwill for all reporting units immediately prior to and after the reporting unit change. The Company concluded that no impairment existed.

As of June 30, 2020, the Company had no accumulated goodwill impairment losses.

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

The carrying values of finite-lived intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):

	June 30, 2020
	Gross				Net
	Carrying		Accumulated		Carrying
	Amount		Amortization		Amount
Amortizable intangible assets
Customer relationships	$	109,688	$	44,303	$	65,385
Technology		16,719		8,550		8,169
Backlog		13,000		9,750		3,250
Trademarks		12,459		1,269		11,190
Total	$	151,866	$	63,872	$	87,994

	December 31, 2019
	Gross				Net
	Carrying		Accumulated		Carrying
	Amount		Amortization		Amount
Amortizable intangible assets
Customer relationships	$	109,825	$	40,169	$	69,656
Technology		16,661		7,051		9,610
Backlog		13,000		6,500		6,500
Trademarks		12,451		854		11,597
Total	$	151,937	$	54,574	$	97,363

Estimated intangible asset amortization expense for each of the five succeeding years is as follows (in thousands):

2020 (remainder)	$	9,427
2021		12,355
2022		11,016
2023		10,840
2024		9,730
Thereafter		34,626
Total	$	87,994

Debt

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

Note 4 — Debt

In connection with the acquisition of SiriusDecisions, on January 3, 2019 (the “Closing Date”) the Company entered into a $200.0 million credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provides for: (1) senior secured term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $125.0 million (the “Term Loans”) and (2) a senior secured revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $75.0 million (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). On the Closing Date, the full $125.0 million of the Term Loans and $50.0 million of the Revolving Credit Facility were used to finance a portion of the acquisition of SiriusDecisions and to pay certain fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition and the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement is scheduled to mature on January 3, 2024.

The Credit Agreement permits the Company to borrow incremental term loans and/or increase commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $50.0 million, subject to approval by the administrative agent and certain customary terms and conditions.

The Term Loans and Revolving Credit Facility can be repaid early, in part or in whole, at any time and from time to time, without premium or penalty, other than customary breakage reimbursement requirements for LIBOR based loans. The Term Loans must be prepaid with net cash proceeds of (i) certain debt incurred or issued by Forrester and its restricted subsidiaries and (ii) certain asset sales and condemnation or casualty events, subject to certain reinvestment rights.

Amounts borrowed under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at Forrester’s option, at a rate per annum equal to either (i) LIBOR for the applicable interest period plus a margin that is between 1.75% and 2.50% based on Forrester’s consolidated total leverage ratio or (ii) the alternate base rate plus a margin that is between 0.75% and 1.50% based on Forrester’s consolidated total leverage ratio. In addition, the Company pays a commitment fee that is between 0.25% and 0.35% per annum, based on Forrester’s consolidated total leverage ratio, on the average daily unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility, payable quarterly, in arrears.

The Term Loans require repayment of the outstanding principal balance in quarterly installments each year, with the balance repayable on the maturity date, subject to customary exceptions. As of June 30, 2020, the amount payable in each year a is set forth in the table below (in thousands):

2020 (remainder)	$	4,688
2021		12,500
2022		12,500
2023		15,625
2024		68,750
Total remaining principal payments	$	114,063

The Revolving Credit Facility does not require repayment prior to maturity, subject to customary exceptions. In addition to financing the acquisition, proceeds from the Revolving Credit Facility can also be used towards working capital and general corporate purposes. Up to $5.0 million of the Revolving Credit Facility is available for the issuance of letters of credit, and any drawings under the letters of credit must be reimbursed within one business day. As of June 30, 2020, $0.9 million in letters of credit were issued under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Forrester incurred $1.8 million in costs related to the Revolving Credit Facility, which are recorded in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. These costs are being amortized as interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations on a straight-line basis over the five-year term of the Revolving Credit Facility. Forrester incurred $2.8 million in costs related to the Term Loans, which are recorded as a reduction to the face value of long-term debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. These costs are being amortized as interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations utilizing the effective interest rate method.

Outstanding Borrowings

The following table summarizes the Company’s total outstanding borrowings as of the dates indicated (in thousands):

Description:	June 30, 2020			December 31, 2019
Term loan facility (1)	$	114,063		$	118,750
Revolving credit facility (2)		—			14,000
Principal amount outstanding (3)		114,063			132,750
Less: Deferred financing fees		(1,890	)		(2,205	)
Net carrying amount	$	112,173		$	130,545

(1)

The contractual annualized interest rate as of June 30, 2020 on the Term loan facility was 2.1875%, which consisted of LIBOR of 0.1875% plus a margin of 2.00%. However, the Company has an interest rate swap that effectively converts the floating LIBOR base rates on a portion of the amounts outstanding to a fixed base rate. Refer to Note 7 – Derivatives and Hedging for further information on the swap.

(2)	The Company had $75.0 million of available borrowing capacity on the revolver (not including the expansion feature) as of June 30, 2020.

(3)	The weighted average annual effective rate on the Company's total debt outstanding for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, was 2.54% and 3.24%, respectively.

The Credit Agreement contains certain customary restrictive loan covenants, including among others, financial covenants that apply a maximum leverage ratio and minimum fixed charge coverage ratio. The maximum leverage ratio is based on total debt outstanding at the measurement date divided by EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and the fixed charge coverage ratio is based upon EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement), less capital expenditures, as a ratio to certain fixed charges, including Term Loan amortization, cash interest expense and cash taxes. The negative covenants limit, subject to various exceptions, the Company’s ability to incur additional indebtedness, create liens on assets, merge, consolidate, liquidate or dissolve any part of the Company, sell assets, pay dividends or other payments in respect to capital stock, change fiscal year, or enter into certain transactions with affiliates and subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement also contains customary events of default, representations, and warranties.

As of June 30, 2020, the Company is in compliance with its financial covenants under the Credit Agreement. The Company currently forecasts that it will be in compliance with its financial covenants for at least one year from the issuance of these interim financial statements, after taking into consideration the cost-reduction measures implemented during the first quarter of the year. If the impact of COVID-19 is more severe than currently forecasted this may impact the Company’s ability to comply with its financial covenants, and it is not certain that the Company would be able to renegotiate the terms of the Credit Agreement in order to provide relief related to the financial covenants. If the Company were unable to meet its financial covenants and then were unable to renegotiate the terms of its financial covenants, all debt outstanding under the Credit Agreement could become immediately due and payable.

All obligations under the Credit Agreement are unconditionally guaranteed by each of the Company’s existing and future, direct and indirect material wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries, other than certain excluded subsidiaries, and are collateralized by a first priority lien on substantially all tangible and intangible assets including intellectual property and all of the capital stock of the Company and its subsidiaries (limited to 65% of the voting equity of certain subsidiaries).

Leases

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

Note 5 — Leases

All of the Company’s leases are operating leases, the majority of which are for office space. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and non-current operating lease liabilities are included as individual line items on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, while short-term operating lease liabilities are recorded within accrued expenses and other current liabilities. Leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and are not material.

The components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019
Operating lease cost	$	3,944		$	3,727
Short-term lease cost		81			85
Variable lease cost		1,660			1,335
Sublease income		(63	)		—
Total lease cost	$	5,622		$	5,147


	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019
Operating lease cost	$	7,935		$	7,296
Short-term lease cost		163			340
Variable lease cost		3,016			2,569
Sublease income		(124	)		—
Total lease cost	$	10,990		$	10,205

Additional lease information is summarized in the following table (in thousands, except lease term and discount rate):

	Six Months Ended			Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2020			June 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	6,204		$	6,216
Operating right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations	$	3,898		$	16,626
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (years)		6.1			6.7
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases		5.0	%		5.1	%

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of June 30, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

2020 (remainder)	$	7,654
2021		14,202
2022		14,106
2023		13,587
2024		13,215
Thereafter		24,698
Total lease payments		87,462
Less imputed interest		(12,243	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	75,219

Lease balances as of June 30, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	63,837

Short-term operating lease liabilities (1)	$	11,729
Non-current operating lease liabilities		63,490
Total operating lease liabilities	$	75,219

(1)	Included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company’s leases do not contain residual value guarantees, material restrictions or covenants, and all sublease transactions are not material. The Company incurred $1.4 million of ROU asset impairments during the three months ended March 31, 2020 related to facility leases from the SiriusDecisions, Inc. acquisition. These impairments are recorded in acquisition and integration costs in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company did not enter into any new leases. As of June 30, 2020, only one of the operating leases entered into during the prior quarter had not yet commenced. This operating lease, which consists of $13.9 million of undiscounted lease payments, has a lease term of ten years and is expected to commence later in 2020.

Additionally, the Company could receive a variable incentive payment from one of its landlords to terminate the related office space lease early. The range of possible incentive payments is zero to $3.5 million, would be received in late 2020 or the first half of 2021, and is dependent on the Company’s ability to exit the existing facility by the proposed early termination dates.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Revenue From Contract With Customer [Abstract]

Contract Assets and Liabilities

Note 6 – Contract Assets and Liabilities

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable includes amounts billed and currently due from customers. Since the only condition for payment of the Company’s invoices is the passage of time, a receivable is recorded on the date an invoice is issued. Also included in accounts receivable are unbilled amounts resulting from revenue exceeding the amount billed to the customer, where the right to payment is unconditional. If the right to payment for services performed was conditional on something other than the passage of time, the unbilled amount would be recorded as a separate contract asset. There were no contract assets as of June 30, 2020 or 2019.

The majority of the Company’s contracts are non-cancellable. However, for contracts that are cancellable by the customer, the Company does not record a receivable when it issues an invoice. The Company records accounts receivable on these contracts only up to the amount of revenue earned but not yet collected.

In addition, since the majority of the Company’s contracts are for a duration of one year and payment is expected within one year from the transfer of products and services, the Company does not adjust its receivables or transaction price for the effects of a significant financing component.

Deferred Revenue

The Company refers to contract liabilities as deferred revenue on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Payment terms in the Company’s customer contracts vary, but generally require payment in advance of fully satisfying the performance obligation(s). Deferred revenue consists of billings in excess of revenue recognized. Similar to accounts receivable, the Company does not record deferred revenue for invoices issued on a cancellable contract.

During the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized revenue of $43.2 and $53.5 million, respectively, related to its deferred revenue balance at the beginning of each such period. During the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized revenue of $113.1 and $111.6 million, respectively, related to its deferred revenue balance at the

beginning of each such period. To determine revenue recognized in each such period from deferred revenue at the beginning of the period, the Company first allocates revenue to the individual deferred revenue balance outstanding at the beginning of the period, until the revenue equals that balance.

Approximately $309.8 million of revenue is expected to be recognized during the next 12 to 24 months from remaining performance obligations as of June 30, 2020.

Cost to Obtain Contracts

The Company capitalizes commissions paid to internal sales representatives and related fringe benefits costs that are incremental to obtaining customer contracts. These costs are included in deferred commissions on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company accounts for these costs at a portfolio level as the Company’s contracts are similar in nature and the amortization model used closely matches the amortization expense that would be recognized on a contract-by-contract basis. Costs to obtain a contract are amortized to operations as the related revenue is recognized over the initial contract term. Amortization expense related to deferred commissions for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $9.0 million and $8.9 million, respectively. Amortization expense related to deferred commissions for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $17.2 million and $16.0 million, respectively. The Company evaluates the recoverability of deferred commissions at each balance sheet date.

Derivatives and Hedging

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Derivative Instruments And Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivatives and Hedging

Note 7 — Derivatives and Hedging

The Company enters into derivative contracts (an interest rate swap and foreign currency forwards) to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in interest rates on its variable rate debt (see Note 4 – Debt) and changes in foreign exchange rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. The Company accounts for its derivate contracts in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815 – Derivatives and Hedging (“Topic 815”), which requires all derivatives, including derivatives designated as accounting hedges, to be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value.

Interest Rate Swap

At June 30, 2020, the Company had a single interest rate swap contract that matures in 2022, with an initial notional amount of $95.0 million. The notional amount at June 30, 2020 was $84.9 million. The Company pays a base fixed rate of 1.65275% and in return receives the greater of (1) 1-month LIBOR, rounded up to the nearest 1/16 of a percent, or (2) 0.00%. The fair value of the swap on June 30, 2020 was a liability of $1.7 million (see Note 8 – Fair Value Measurements for information on determining the fair value). The liability is included in other non-current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The swap has been designated and accounted for as a cash flow hedge of the forecasted interest payments on the Company’s debt. As long as the swap continues to be a highly effective hedge of the designated interest rate risk, changes in the fair value of the swap are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss, a component of equity. Any ineffective portion of a change in the fair value of a hedge is recorded in earnings.

As required under Topic 815, the swap’s effectiveness is assessed on a quarterly basis. Since its inception, and through June 30, 2020, the interest rate swap was considered highly effective. Accordingly, the entire $1.2 million negative fair value as of June 30, 2020 is recorded, net of taxes, in other comprehensive loss. The Company expects $0.8 million of this loss, net of taxes, to be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months.

Foreign Currency Forwards

The Company enters into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to mitigate the effects of adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates on transactions entered into in the normal course of business that are denominated in foreign currencies that differ from the local functional currency. These contracts generally have short durations and are recorded at fair value with both realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded in other income (expense), net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations because the Company does not designate these contracts as hedges for accounting purposes.

During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company entered into three foreign currency forward exchange contracts, all of which settled by June 30, 2020. Accordingly, as of June 30, 2020, there are no amounts recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for these contracts.

The Company’s derivative counterparties are investment grade financial institutions. The Company does not have any collateral arrangements with its derivative counterparties and the derivative contracts do not contain credit risk related contingent features. The table below provides information regarding amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for derivative contracts for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30,					June 30,
Amount recorded in:	2020			2019		2020			2019
Interest expense (1)	$	(252	)	$	—	$	(239	)	$	—
Other income (expense), net (2)		(157	)		—		(157	)		—
Total	$	(409	)	$	—	$	(396	)	$	—

(1)	Consists of interest expense from interest rate swap contract.

(2)	Consists of net realized gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts.

The Company did not have any derivatives as of, or during, the six months ended June 30, 2019.

Fair Value Measurements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Note 8 — Fair Value Measurements

The carrying amounts reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses (excluding the contingent consideration discussed below) approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities. The Company’s financial instruments also include its outstanding variable-rate borrowings (refer to Note 4 – Debt). The Company believes that the carrying amount of its variable-rate borrowings reasonably approximate their fair values because the rates of interest on those borrowings reflect current market rates of interest.

Additionally, the Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis including cash equivalents, contingent purchase price related to acquisitions, and its derivative contracts. The fair values of these financial assets and liabilities have been classified as Level 1, 2 or 3 within the fair value hierarchy as described in the accounting standards for fair value measurements:

Level 1 — Fair value based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Fair value based on inputs other than Level 1 inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 — Fair value based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and such inputs are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The following table represents the Company’s fair value hierarchy for its financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

	As of June 30, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3			Total
Assets
Money market funds (1)	$	512	$	—		$	—		$	512
Total Assets	$	512	$	—		$	—		$	512

Liabilities
Contingent purchase price (2)	$	—	$	—		$	(2,603	)	$	(2,603	)
Interest rate swap (3)		—	$	(1,725	)		—			(1,725	)
Total Liabilities	$	—	$	(1,725	)	$	(2,603	)	$	(4,328	)

	As of December 31, 2019
	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3			Total
Assets
Money market funds (1)	$	2,354	$	—		$	—		$	2,354
Total Assets	$	2,354	$	—		$	—		$	2,354

Liabilities
Contingent purchase price (2)	$	—	$	—		$	(2,511	)	$	(2,511	)
Interest rate swap (3)		—	$	(144	)		—			(144	)
Total Liabilities	$	—	$	(144	)	$	(2,511	)	$	(2,655	)

(1)	Included in cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2)

The acquisition of FeedbackNow on July 6, 2018 included a contingent consideration arrangement that required up to $4.2 million of consideration to be paid to the sellers based on the financial performance of FeedbackNow during the two-year period subsequent to the closing date. The fair value of the remaining contingent consideration to be paid to the sellers is $2.6 million at June 30, 2020 and $2.5 million at December 31, 2019, and is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3)

The Company has an interest rate swap contract that hedges the risk of variability from interest payments on its borrowings (see Note 4 – Debt and Note 7 – Derivatives and Hedging). The fair value of the interest rate swap is based on valuations prepared by a third-party broker. Those valuations are based on observable interest rates and other observable market data, which the Company considers Level 2 inputs.

During the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not transfer assets or liabilities between levels of the fair value hierarchy. Additionally, there have been no changes to the valuation techniques for Level 2 or Level 3 liabilities.

Level 3 liabilities at June 30, 2020 consist entirely of the contingent purchase price related to the acquisition of FeedbackNow. Changes in the fair value of Level 3 contingent consideration for the six months ended June 30, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

	Contingent
	Consideration
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	(2,511	)
Fair value adjustment of contingent purchase price (1)		(22	)
Payment of contingent purchase price		—
Foreign exchange effect		(70	)
Balance at June 30, 2020	$	(2,603	)

(1)

This amount was recognized as acquisition and integration costs within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of June 30, 2020, the remaining range of undiscounted amounts that could be payable under this arrangement is $2.0 million to $2.6 million. The amount is expected to be finalized and paid to the sellers by the end of 2020. The significant unobservable inputs used in the Monte Carlo simulation to fair value the contingent consideration included projected contract bookings, a discount rate of 17.3%, and revenue volatility of 26.6%. Increases or decreases in the inputs would result in a higher or lower fair value measurement.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Note 9 — Income Taxes

Forrester provides for income taxes on an interim basis according to management’s estimate of the effective tax rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year. Certain items such as changes in tax rates, tax benefits or expense related to settlements of share-based payment awards, and foreign currency gains or losses are treated as discrete items and are recorded in the period in which they arise.

Income tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was $0.3 million resulting in an effective tax rate of 2.2% for the period. Income tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was $0.7 million resulting in an effective tax rate of (6.0)% for the period. The decrease in income tax expense during the 2020 period was due to the release of a U.S. valuation allowance on capital loss carryforwards.

The Company anticipates that its effective tax rate for the full year 2020 will be approximately 1%.

On March 27, 2020, Congress enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security ("CARES") Act to provide certain relief as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact that the provisions in the CARES may have on its financial position and results of operations.

In July 2015, the U.S. Tax Court issued an opinion in Altera Corp. v. Commissioner related to the treatment of stock-based compensation expense in an intercompany cost-sharing arrangement. The opinion invalidates part of a treasury regulation requiring stock-based compensation to be included in any qualified intercompany cost-sharing arrangement. The Company previously recorded a tax benefit based on the opinion in the case. In June 2019, the U.S. Court of Appeals for Ninth Circuit reversed the U.S. Tax Court’s decision. Altera Corp. submitted its appeal for an en banc rehearing before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which was subsequently denied. During 2020, Altera Corp. submitted a request to the Supreme Court to accept the case for review, which was also denied, resulting in finality of any legal recourse. The Company maintains its previously recorded tax benefit in accordance with the U.S. Tax Court decision.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Equity [Abstract]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Note 10 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss are as follows (net of tax, in thousands):

							Total Accumulated
	Interest Rate			Translation			Other Comprehensive
	Swap			Adjustment			Loss
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	(1,285	)	$	(6,673	)	$	(7,958	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Foreign currency translation		—			885			885
Unrealized loss before reclassification		(136	)		—			(136	)
Reclassification of realized losses to income		181			—			181
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period		45			885			930
Balance at June 30, 2020	$	(1,240	)	$	(5,788	)	$	(7,028	)

				Total Accumulated
	Translation			Other Comprehensive
	Adjustment			Loss
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	(5,584	)	$	(5,584	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Foreign currency translation		594			594
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period		594			594
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	(4,990	)	$	(4,990	)

							Total Accumulated
	Interest Rate			Translation			Other Comprehensive
	Swap			Adjustment			Loss
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	(104	)	$	(4,753	)	$	(4,857	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Foreign currency translation		—			(1,035	)		(1,035	)
Unrealized loss before reclassification		(1,308	)		—			(1,308	)
Reclassification of realized losses to income		172			—			172
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period		(1,136	)		(1,035	)		(2,171	)
Balance at June 30, 2020	$	(1,240	)	$	(5,788	)	$	(7,028	)

				Total Accumulated
	Translation			Other Comprehensive
	Adjustment			Loss
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	(5,154	)	$	(5,154	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Foreign currency translation		164			164
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period		164			164
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	(4,990	)	$	(4,990	)

Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

Note 11 — Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the diluted weighted average number of common shares and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. The

weighted average number of common equivalent shares outstanding has been determined in accordance with the treasury-stock method. Common equivalent shares consist of common stock issuable on the exercise of outstanding stock options and the vesting of restricted stock units.

Basic and diluted weighted average common shares are as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended

Six Months Ended